Include another HTML file in a HTML file without java script

Ive a series of static html pages with a common footer, i want to inlcude content from the in each html file without duplication

e.g.

root
  page1.html
  page2.html
  page3.html
  footer.html

How do I make page 1,2 and 3 use the footer.html as the footer file without writing any java script. I've seen answers that included java script in this question How to include html file in another html file but I want to know if its possible without java script.

Remember

• These are static pages not running on a server
• This does not include the use of java script or other scripting process. - The answers to How to include html file in another html file all use javascript and do not answer this question.